怎么基于QMP实现对qemu虚拟机进行交互

什么是QMP(QEMU Monitor Protocol)?

QMP是QEMU虚拟机监控协议，它是一种基于JSON-RPC的远程过程调用(RPC)协议，通过QMP,我们可以在宿主机和虚拟机之间建立通信桥梁，实现对虚拟机的控制和交互，QMP允许我们在宿主机上运行一个客户端程序，通过这个程序与虚拟机进行通信，从而实现对虚拟机的监控、控制和管理。

如何使用QMP进行通信？

1、安装libvirt工具包

在Linux系统中，我们需要安装libvirt工具包来支持QMP协议，可以使用以下命令进行安装：

sudo apt-get install libvirt-bins libvirt-dev

2、编写客户端程序

接下来，我们需要编写一个简单的客户端程序，用于与虚拟机进行通信，以下是一个使用Python编写的简单示例：

import json
import socket
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
from xmlrpc.server import SimpleXMLRPCServer, SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler
class QMPRequestHandler(SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler):
    rpc_paths = ('/qemu',)
    
    def do_POST(self):
        if self.path == '/qemu':
             解析请求数据
            data = ET.fromstring(self.rfile.read(int(self.headers['Content-Length'])).decode())
            
             处理请求并返回响应数据
            response = self.handle_qmp_request(data)
            self.send_response(200)
            self.send_header('Content-Type', 'application/json')
            self.end_headers()
            self.wfile.write(json.dumps(response).encode())
        else:
            super().do_POST()
        
    def handle_qmp_request(self, request):
         在这里处理QMP请求，并返回响应数据
        pass

3、运行客户端程序

现在我们可以运行客户端程序，并与虚拟机进行通信，以下是一个简单的示例：

python qmp_client.py --uri http://localhost:10000/system --method qemu.monitor.command line show --target /system/hypervisor/qemu/instance-1/guest-xml --format=json | python parse_qmp_response.py > output.txt

如何使用QMP实现对虚拟机的控制？

通过QMP,我们可以实现对虚拟机的多种控制操作，启动、停止、重启、挂载ISO镜像、配置网络等，以下是一些常用的QMP命令：

1、启动虚拟机：qemu-system-x86_64 --enable-kvm --daemonize --pidfile /var/run/qemu-server/qemu-server.pid --chdir /usr/share/qemu/register --network bridge=br0 --device virtio-net,mac=52:54:00:6d:90:02 --reboot boot=hd,menu=on --fsdev local,id=rootfsdev0,security_model=none,source=hdd,file=rootfs.img --name myvm --autostart on --nodefaults --smp 2 --mimetype "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8" --display none --vnclisten tcp::5901,serveronly --video none --serial stdio --console pty,target_type=serial --location 'http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic/main/installer-amd64/' &> /var/log/qemu-server.log & echo $! > pidfile.txt && sleep 3 && sudo kill $(cat pidfile.txt) && sudo killall qemu-system-x86_64 && sudo systemctl restart qemu-server@myvm &> /dev/null & echo $! > pidfile2.txt && sleep 3 && sudo kill $(cat pidfile2.txt) && sudo systemctl stop qemu-server@myvm &> /dev/null & echo $! > pidfile3.txt && sleep 3 && sudo kill $(cat pidfile3.txt) && sudo systemctl disable qemu-server@myvm &> /dev/null & echo $! > pidfile4.txt && sleep 3 && sudo kill $(cat pidfile4.txt) && exit 0;

2、停止虚拟机：qm stop myvm;

3、重启虚拟机：qm reboot myvm;

4、将ISO镜像挂载到虚拟机：qm set-storage myvm disk,image=iso; qm storage attach myvm disk,image=iso; qm storage set myvm disk,image=iso,readonly=on; qm storage set myvm disk,image=cdrom; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,readonly=off; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=on; qm storage attach myvm cdrom; qm storage set myvm cdrom,autodetect=off; qm storage attach myvm cdromenent1&gtf<font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:16pt"><span style="font-size:16pt"><span style="color:00b04f"><span style="color:00b04f">四、相关问题与解答</span></a><br><a name="section1" /><h2 id="section1">相关问题与解答</a><br><a name="question1" />Q1:如何在QMP中实现文件传输？<br><a name="answer1" />在QMP中实现文件传输的方法有很多种，这里介绍一种简单的方法：首先在宿主机上创建一个目录用于存放要传输