Java中SchedulerFactoryBean的概述
SchedulerFactoryBean是Spring框架中的一个工厂类,用于创建和管理任务调度器(TaskScheduler),任务调度器是Spring框架中负责执行定时任务的核心组件,它可以与Spring的依赖注入和事务管理等功能无缝集成,本文将详细介绍SchedulerFactoryBean的使用方法,包括创建实例、配置属性、设置任务调度器等。
创建SchedulerFactoryBean实例
要使用SchedulerFactoryBean,首先需要在Spring配置文件中创建一个bean定义,如下所示:
<bean id="schedulerFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"> <property name="triggers"> <list> <!-在这里添加触发器 --> </list> </property> </bean>
或者在Java配置类中创建一个@Bean方法,如下所示:
@Configuration public class AppConfig { @Bean("schedulerFactoryBean") public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean() { SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean(); // 在这里配置属性 return factory; } }
配置SchedulerFactoryBean属性
1、设置数据源(DataSource)
如果需要使用数据库作为任务调度的数据源,可以配置一个QuartzDataSourceTrigger,如下所示:
<bean id="schedulerFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"> <property name="triggers"> <list> <ref bean="databaseTrigger" /> </list> </property> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean>
@Configuration public class AppConfig { @Autowired private DataSource dataSource; @Bean("databaseTrigger") public QuartzDataSourceTrigger databaseTrigger(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) { SimpleTrigger trigger = new SimpleTrigger(); trigger.setName("databaseTrigger"); trigger.setStartTime(new Date()); trigger.setRepeatInterval(5000); // 重复间隔为5秒 trigger.setRepeatCount(-1); // 无限次重复 trigger.setJobDataMap(getJobDataMap()); // 设置JobDataMap trigger.setMisfireInstruction(SimpleTrigger.MISFIRE_INSTRUCTION_IGNORE_MISFIRE_POLICY); // 忽略错过的触发策略 QuartzDataSourceTrigger dataSourceTrigger = new QuartzDataSourceTrigger(); dataSourceTrigger.setDataSource(dataSource); // 设置数据源名称(注意替换为实际的JNDI名称) dataSourceTrigger.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory); // 设置连接工厂(如果有) dataSourceTrigger.setTargetJobName("databaseJob"); // 设置目标Job名称(注意替换为实际的Job名称) dataSourceTrigger.setPriority(1); // 设置Job优先级(1最高) return dataSourceTrigger; } }
2、设置线程池(ThreadPool)或线程组(ThreadGroup)属性
如果需要自定义线程池或线程组的配置,可以设置相应的属性,如下所示:
<bean id="schedulerFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"> <property name="triggers"> <list> <ref bean="databaseTrigger" /> </list> </property> <property name="threadPool" ref="customThreadPool" /> // 设置自定义线程池配置(Quartz中的ThreadPoolExecutor)或使用以下配置(Spring中的ThreadPoolTaskExecutor): threadPool="taskExecutor", poolSize=10, queueCapacity=20, keepAliveSeconds=60, rejectionPolicy=rejectedExecutionHandler, allowCoreThreadTimeOut=true, useUnstartedThreads=true, threadNamePrefix="myThread-", daemon=true, maxPoolSize=30, corePoolSize=10, asyncExecutorListeners=[] default is [] (no listeners), taskDecorator=defaultTaskDecorator (none), workQueue=null (for creating thread pool manually) null means using the global default thread pool (not recommended). Note: For customizing thread pool behavior, you can also extend from Quartz's ThreadPoolExecutor and override methods like execute(), submit() etc. to set your own implementation. You may also refer to https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/issues/4798 for more details on customizing thread pool behavior in Spring Boot applications using Quartz. </property> </bean>
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