Linux系统中su和sudo命令的用法

Linux系统中su和sudo命令的用法

在Linux系统中,用户可以通过su和sudo命令来实现权限管理,su(Switch User)命令用于切换用户,而sudo(Super User Do)命令则允许普通用户以超级用户(root)的身份执行命令,本文将详细介绍这两个命令的用法及相关知识。

Linux系统中su和sudo命令的用法

su命令的用法

1、切换到root用户

su命令的基本用法是切换到root用户,在终端输入以下命令:

su

然后按回车键,系统会提示输入root用户的密码,输入正确的密码后,即可切换到root用户。

2、以其他用户身份登录

su命令还可以用来以其他用户身份登录,假设要切换到用户testuser,可以输入以下命令:

su testuser

系统会提示输入testuser用户的密码,输入正确的密码后,即可切换到testuser用户。

3、使用-c选项指定要执行的命令

Linux系统中su和sudo命令的用法

su命令还支持使用-c选项指定要执行的命令,要在root用户下执行ls命令,可以输入以下命令:

su -c "ls"

系统会提示输入root用户的密码,输入正确的密码后,即可在root用户下执行ls命令。

sudo命令的用法

1、以普通用户身份执行特定命令

sudo命令的基本用法是以普通用户身份执行特定命令,在终端输入以下命令:

sudo command_name

command_name是要执行的命令名称,系统会提示输入当前用户的密码,输入正确的密码后,即可以普通用户身份执行指定的命令,需要注意的是,并非所有的命令都支持使用sudo命令,具体需要根据实际情况判断。

2、以root用户身份执行任意命令

sudo命令还支持以root用户身份执行任意命令,在终端输入以下命令:

Linux系统中su和sudo命令的用法

sudo -i

系统会提示输入当前用户的密码,输入正确的密码后,即可以root用户身份登录,然后可以执行任意需要root权限的命令,同样,需要注意的是,并非所有的命令都支持使用sudo -i命令,具体需要根据实际情况判断。

相关问题与解答

1、sudo和su有什么区别?

答:sudo和su的主要区别在于权限管理,su命令用于切换用户,只能切换到指定的用户;而sudo命令允许普通用户以超级用户(root)的身份执行命令,从而实现对系统资源的管理,在使用过程中,应根据实际需求选择合适的命令。

2、如何为某个用户配置sudo权限?

答:为某个用户配置sudo权限,需要编辑/etc/sudoers文件,在终端输入以下命令:

visudo

打开文件后,找到类似以下内容的行:

User privilege specification
root    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL                  All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL         All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL          All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL          All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL          All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL          All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL             All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL          All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL              All root privileges and all on *.* for everyone else = root (ALL:ALL) ALL                End of file                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Defaults are permissive, in this case we will deny everything                     %admin  ALL=(NONE) NOPASSWD: ALL                                      Allow members of group admin to run any command without a password    %wheel  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT) NOPASSWD: ALL                                   Allow members of wheel group to run any command without a password    %admin  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel) NOPASSWD: ALL                              Allow members of admin group to run any command without a password    %users  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel) NOPASSWD: ALL                            Allow members of users group to run any command without a password    %public  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users) NOPASSWD: ALL                          Allow anyone to read the contents of /etc/passwd                   %wheel  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users|public) NOPASSWD: /etc/passwd                   Allow members of wheel group to read the contents of /etc/passwd    %admin  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users|public) NOPASSWD: /etc/passwd                    Allow members of admin group to read the contents of /etc/passwd    %users  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users|public) NOPASSWD: /etc/passwd                    Allow members of users group to read the contents of /etc/passwd    %public  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users|public) NOPASSWD: /etc/passwd                    Allow anyone to read the contents of /etc/shadow                   %wheel  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users|public) NOPASSWD: /etc/shadow                   Allow members of wheel group to read the contents of /etc/shadow    %admin  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users|public) NOPASSWD: /etc/shadow                    Allow members of admin group to read the contents of /etc/shadow    %users  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users|public) NOPASSWD: /etc/shadow                    Allow members of users group to read the contents of /etc/shadow    %public  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users|public) NOPASSWD: /etc/shadow                    Allow anyone to read the contents of /etc/group                   %wheel  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users|public) NOPASSWD: /etc/group                   Allow members of wheel group to read the contents of /etc/group    %admin  ALL=(ANYONE|ROOT|wheel|users|public)

原创文章,作者:K-seo,如若转载,请注明出处:https://www.kdun.cn/ask/189025.html

(0)
K-seoK-seoSEO优化员
上一篇 2024年1月1日 18:51
下一篇 2024年1月1日 18:54

相关推荐

发表回复

您的电子邮箱地址不会被公开。 必填项已用*标注

免备案 高防CDN 无视CC/DDOS攻击 限时秒杀,10元即可体验  (专业解决各类攻击)>>点击进入