Linux中ipconfig与route命令的基本使用教程
在Linux系统中,ipconfig和route命令是网络配置和管理的基本工具,本文将详细介绍这两个命令的基本用法,帮助大家更好地理解和掌握Linux网络配置。
ipconfig命令
1、查看网络接口信息
ipconfig命令可以显示当前系统的所有网络接口信息,包括IP地址、子网掩码、默认网关等,使用以下命令查看网络接口信息:
ipconfig
输出示例:
eth0 255.255.255.0 static 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.1 eth1 255.255.255.0 dynamic 192.168.1.101 192.168.1.1 lo 64 loopback 127.0.0.1 8.8.8.8
从输出结果中,我们可以看到本机的两个网络接口(eth0和eth1)及其对应的IP地址、子网掩码和默认网关,eth0为静态IP,而eth1为动态IP。
2、配置IP地址和子网掩码
ipconfig命令还可以用来配置网络接口的IP地址和子网掩码,使用以下命令配置eth0接口的IP地址和子网掩码:
sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0
3、查看路由表
ipconfig命令还可以通过添加参数来查看路由表信息,使用以下命令查看路由表:
ipconfig route show
输出示例:
Gateway Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric Ref Use Iface Flags MTU Metric
route命令
1、添加路由表项
route命令可以用来添加路由表项,实现不同网络之间的通信,使用以下命令添加一条到达目标网络(例如192.168.2.0/24)的路由表项:
sudo route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 metric 100
default表示下一跳地址,via表示通过哪个网络接口发送数据包,dev表示使用的网络接口,metric表示优先级,这条路由表项表示所有目的地地址为192.168.2.0/24的数据包都通过eth0接口发送,并设置了优先级为100。
2、删除路由表项
route命令还可以用来删除路由表项,使用以下命令删除刚刚添加的那条路由表项:
sudo route del default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 metric 100
3、查看路由表项列表
route命令还可以查看当前的路由表项列表,使用以下命令查看路由表:
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