linux下mysql怎么开启远程访问权限及防火墙开放3306端口

在Linux下，MySQL数据库的远程访问权限可以通过修改配置文件和开放防火墙端口来实现，下面将详细介绍如何开启MySQL的远程访问权限以及如何开放3306端口。

开启MySQL的远程访问权限

1、修改配置文件

需要找到MySQL的配置文件my.cnf,该文件通常位于/etc/mysql/或/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/目录下，使用文本编辑器打开配置文件，如：

sudo vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf

或者

sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

在配置文件中找到bind-address这一行，将其注释掉(在行首加上),或者将其值改为0.0.0.0，这样就允许MySQL监听所有IP地址，从而实现远程访问。

bind-address = 127.0.0.1
bind-address = 0.0.0.0

2、重启MySQL服务

修改配置文件后，需要重启MySQL服务以使更改生效，执行以下命令：

sudo systemctl restart mysqld

或者

sudo service mysql restart

开放防火墙端口3306

为了让外部设备能够访问MySQL服务器，需要在防火墙上开放3306端口，以下是针对不同防火墙的开放方法：

1、iptables防火墙

如果你使用的是iptables防火墙，可以使用以下命令开放3306端口：

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables-save | sudo tee /etc/sysconfig/iptables

2、firewalld防火墙(CentOS 7及更高版本)

如果你使用的是firewalld防火墙，可以使用以下命令开放3306端口：

sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

相关问题与解答

Q1:如何在Linux下查看MySQL的版本？

答：可以使用以下命令查看MySQL的版本：

mysql --version

或者查看已安装的MySQL客户端：

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