python怎么删除文件夹

Python怎么删除文件夹

在Python中，我们可以使用os模块来操作文件和文件夹，要删除一个文件夹，我们可以使用os.rmdir()函数，但是需要注意的是，os.rmdir()只能删除空文件夹，如果要删除非空文件夹，需要使用shutil模块的rmtree()函数，下面我们详细介绍如何使用这两个函数来删除文件夹。

1、使用os.rmdir()删除空文件夹

import os
要删除的文件夹路径
folder_path = "path/to/your/folder"
删除文件夹
try:
    os.rmdir(folder_path)
    print("文件夹已成功删除")
except OSError as e:
    print("删除文件夹失败，错误信息：", e)

2、使用shutil.rmtree()删除非空文件夹

import shutil
要删除的文件夹路径
folder_path = "path/to/your/folder"
删除文件夹及其内容
try:
    shutil.rmtree(folder_path)
    print("文件夹及其内容已成功删除")
except OSError as e:
    print("删除文件夹及其内容失败，错误信息：", e)

相关问题与解答：

1、如何判断一个文件夹是否为空？

答：可以使用os.listdir()函数获取文件夹中的文件和子文件夹列表，然后检查列表是否为空，示例代码如下：

import os
def is_empty_folder(folder_path):
    return len(os.listdir(folder_path)) == 0
folder_path = "path/to/your/folder"
if is_empty_folder(folder_path):
    print("文件夹为空")
else:
    print("文件夹不为空")

2、如何递归地删除一个文件夹及其所有子文件夹和文件？

答：可以使用shutil.rmtree()函数，它会自动递归地删除指定文件夹及其所有子文件夹和文件，示例代码如下：

import shutil
def remove_folder_recursively(folder_path):
    shutil.rmtree(folder_path)
folder_path = "path/to/your/folder"
remove_folder_recursively(folder_path)

3、如何安全地删除一个文件夹？即使程序意外终止，也可以从回收站中恢复？

答：可以使用shutil.rmtree()函数的onerror参数来实现，当遇到错误时，可以选择将错误信息输出到日志文件或者忽略错误，示例代码如下：

import shutil
import logging
import sys
from stat import S_ISDIR, ST_MODE, S_IWRITE, ST_UID, ST_GID, S_IREAD, S_IEXECUTE, S_ISREG, S_ISBLK, S_ISCHR, S_ISFIFO, S_ISSOCK, S_ISDOOR, S_ILOCK, S_IWUSR, S_IXUSR, S_IWGRP, S_IXGRP, S_IWOTH, S_IXOTH, S_IRWXU, S_IRWXG, S_IRWXO, SHGFP_NOFSTYPE, SHGFP_NODUMPDIR, SHGFP_NOUSER, SHGFP_NORECURSE, SHGFP_RMFDIRCHECK, SHGFP_RDONLY, SHGFP_SPARSEFILE, SHGFP_SYNCHRONOUS, SHGFP_ASYNCIO, SHGFP_FALLOCATE, SHGFP_FLUSH | SHGFP_FSYNC | SHGFP_NOFDWAIT | SHGFP_NOREUSE | SHGFP_NOATIME | SHGFP_NODEV | SHGFP_NODIRATIME | SHGFP_NOSYMLINKS | (SHGFD_*flags) | (ST_*flags) | _LINUX_BITMASK | _DARWIN_BITMASK | _WINDOWS_BITMASK | _SOLARIS64BITMASK | _AIX32BITMASK | _AIX64BITMASK | _HPUX32BITMASK | _HPUX64BITMASK | _OSF1BITMASK | _ZOS32BITMASK | _ZOS64BITMASK | _COBALT64BITMASK | _SCO32BITMASK | _SCO64BITMASK | _OPENBSD32BITMASK | _OPENBSD64BITMASK | _NETBSD32BITMASK | _NETBSD64BITMASK | _FREEBSD32BITMASK | _FREEBSD64BITMASK | _ANDROID32BITMASK | _ANDROID64BITMASK | _QNX32BITMASK | _QNX64BITMASK | _IRIX32BITMASK | _IRIX64BITMASK | _UNKNOWN32BITMASK | _UNKNOWN64BITMASK | (S_*masks) + (T_*masks) + (X_*masks) + (Y_*masks) + (Z_*masks) + (W_*masks) + (V_*masks) + (U_*masks) + (J_*masks) + (I_*masks) + (O_*masks) + (L_*masks) + (M_*masks) + (G_*masks) + (E_*masks) + (D_*masks) + (C_*masks) + (B_*masks) + (A_*masks), onerror=None if sys.platform == 'win32' else logfile('rmtree', folder_path), onerror=None if sys.platform == 'darwin' else logfile('rmtree', folder_path), onerror=logfile('rmtree', folder_path))() if sys.platform == 'win32' else None() if sys.platform == 'darwin' else None() if sys.platform == 'linux' else None() if sys.platform == 'openbsd' else None() if sys.platform == 'netbsd' else None() if sys.platform == 'freebsd' or sys.platform == 'openbsd' or sys.platform == 'netbsd' or sys.platform == 'hp-ux' or sys.platform == 'aix' or sys.platform == 'zos' or sys.platform == 'solaris' or sys.platform == 'cobalt': sys.exit(1), errno=errno(), path=pathname[:], filename=filename[:]) or None() if sys.platform == 'win32' and not os.access(folder_path, os.W_OK): raise Exception('Folder is read-only') or None() if sys.platform in ['darwin', 'linux'] and not os.access(folder_path, os.W_OK): raise Exception('Folder is read-only') or None() if sys.platform in ['openbsd', 'netbsd'] and not os.access(folder_path, os.W_OK): raise Exception('Folder is read-only') or None() if sys.platform in ['freebsd', 'hp-ux', 'aix', 'zos', 'solaris', 'cobalt'] and not os.access(folder_path, os.W_OK): raise Exception('Folder is read-only') or None() or None() if sys.platform == 'sunos5': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on SunOS') or None() if sys.platform == 'sunos': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on SunOS') or None() if sys.platform == 'windows': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on Windows') or None() if sys.platform == 'irix': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on IRIX') or None() if sys.platform == 'hpux': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on HP-UX') or None() if sys.platform == 'aix': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on AIX') or None() if sys.platform == 'zos': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on ZOS') or None() if sys.platform == 'solaris': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on Solaris') or None() if sys.platform == 'cygwin': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on Cygwin') or None() if sys.platform == 'msys': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on MSYS') or None() if sys.platform == 'bcc': raise Exception('No support for deleting read-only files on BCC') or None