linux主机安全基线检查脚本怎样做？安全基线的检查内容

Linux主机安全基线检查脚本的制作

在进行Linux主机安全基线检查之前，我们需要先了解Linux系统的基本安全设置，以下是一些建议的安全设置，可以作为基线检查的参考：

1、安装并更新系统软件包

2、配置防火墙规则

3、配置SELinux(如果已启用)

4、配置文件权限

5、禁用不必要的服务和端口

6、定期更新系统和软件

7、使用强密码策略

8、配置PAM(Pluggable Authentication Modules)

9、配置Fail2ban防止暴力破解

10、限制root用户远程登录

11、定期备份数据

12、使用加密技术保护敏感数据

13、禁用不必要的系统调用

14、配置TCP/IP堆栈参数

15、配置网络接口绑定

接下来，我们将介绍如何使用Shell脚本来实现这些安全设置的检查，我们需要创建一个名为check_security_baseline.sh的脚本文件，并在其中添加以下内容：

!/bin/bash
检查并更新系统软件包
echo "检查并更新系统软件包"
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y
配置防火墙规则
echo "配置防火墙规则"
sudo ufw allow ssh
sudo ufw allow http
sudo ufw allow https
sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw status verbose
配置SELinux(如果已启用)
echo "配置SELinux(如果已启用)"
sudo semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t "/usr/sbin/httpd(/.*)?"
sudo restorecon -Rv /etc/selinux/config
配置文件权限
echo "配置文件权限"
sudo find /etc/* -type f -exec chmod ugo+rwxt {} \;
sudo find /var/* -type f -exec chmod ugo+rwxt {} \;
sudo chattr +i /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
sudo chattr +i /etc/ssh/*_key*
sudo chattr +i /etc/shadow*
sudo chattr +i /etc/gshadow*
sudo chattr +i /etc/passwd*
sudo chattr +i /etc/group*
sudo chattr +i /tmp/*
sudo chattr +i /var/tmp/*
sudo chattr +i /var/log/*
sudo chattr +i /var/run/*
sudo chattr +i /dev/*
sudo systemctl restart sshd.service
sudo systemctl restart httpd.service
sudo systemctl restart mysql.service
sudo systemctl restart postfix.service
sudo systemctl restart vsftpd.service
sudo systemctl restart proftpd.service
sudo systemctl restart subversion.service
sudo systemctl restart phpmyadmin.service
sudo systemctl restart fail2ban.service
sudo systemctl restart nagios.service
sudo systemctl restart haproxy.service
sudo systemctl restart apache2.service
sudo systemctl restart mysqld.service
sudo systemctl restart lighttpd.service
sudo systemctl restart sendmail.service
sudo systemctl restart dovecot.service
sudo systemctl restart exim4.service
sudo systemctl restart postfixadmin.service
sudo systemctl restart cupsd.service
sudo systemctl restart openvpn.service
sudo systemctl restart isc-dhcp-server.service
sudo systemctl restart isc-udp-server.service
sudo systemctl restart isc-radius-server.service

以上脚本仅包含了部分安全设置的检查，你可以根据实际需求添加或删除相应的命令，保存文件后，为脚本添加可执行权限：

chmod +x check_security_baseline.sh

安全基线检查的内容与方法

1、检查并更新系统软件包：确保系统使用的软件包是最新的，以便修复已知的安全漏洞，可以使用以下命令进行检查和更新：

apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y && apt-get autoremove -y && apt clean all && sync && echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && exit 1; cat error.log; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo "Update failed" > error.log && cat error.log && exit $?; echo "Update completed successfully" || echo="<br><div style='font-family:Arial'>Please note that the script has been executed with errors and may not have performed all checks</div>"; sleep 10s; clear; bash check_security_baseline.sh | grep '[0-9]' | cut -f2 | sort | uniq | xargs sudo service <服务名> stop &>/dev/null & sudo service <服务名> start &>/dev/null & sleep $(($RANDOM%3+1))s & sudo service <服务名> stop &>/dev/null & sudo service <服务名> start &>/dev/null & sleep $(($RANDOM%3+1))s & sudo service <服务名> stop &>/dev/null & sudo service <服务名> start &>/dev/null & sleep $(($RANDOM%3+1))s & sudo service <服务名> stop &>/dev/null & sudo service <服务名> start &>/dev/null & sleep $(($RANDOM%3+1))s & sudo service <服务名> stop &>/dev/null & sudo service <服务名> start &>/dev/null & sleep $(($RANDOM%3+1))s & sudo service <服务名> stop &>/dev/null & sudo service <服务名> start &>/dev/null & sleep $(($RANDOM%3+1))s & sudo service <服务名> stop &>/dev/null & sudo service <服务名> start &>/dev/null & sleep $(($RANDOM%3+1))s & sudo service <服务名> stop &>/dev/null & sudo service <服务名> start &>/dev/null & sleep $(($RANDOM%3+1))s& tail -f nohup logfile | grep '[0-9]' | cut -f2 | sort | uniq | xargs sudo service <服务名> stop &>/dev/null & sudo service <服务名> start &>/dev/null & sleep $(($RANDOM%3+1))