ftp服务器搭建

FTP服务器搭建前的准备

1、硬件需求

搭建FTP服务器需要一定的硬件资源，主要包括以下几个方面：

CPU:至少1GHz的处理器；

内存：至少256MB的内存；

硬盘空间：至少1GB的可用空间。

2、软件需求

搭建FTP服务器需要安装相应的软件，主要包括以下几个方面：

Windows系统：Windows Server操作系统；

数据库：如MySQL、SQL Server等；

FTP服务器软件：如FileZilla Server、ProFTPD等。

FTP服务器搭建步骤

1、安装Windows Server操作系统

在满足硬件需求的前提下，下载并安装Windows Server操作系统，安装过程中，选择自定义安装，并分配足够的磁盘空间。

2、安装数据库服务器

以MySQL为例，下载并安装MySQL数据库服务器，安装过程中，设置root用户的密码，并创建一个具有足够权限的用户用于管理FTP服务器。

3、安装FTP服务器软件

以FileZilla Server为例，下载并安装FileZilla Server软件，安装过程中，按照提示进行配置，包括设置监听端口、设置虚拟用户等。

4、配置防火墙及SELinux

为了保证FTP服务器的安全，需要配置防火墙及SELinux，在Windows Server中，打开“控制面板”->“系统和安全”->“Windows防火墙”，在弹出的窗口中，点击“高级设置”，进入防火墙高级安全设置界面，在这里，可以添加一个新的入站规则，允许FTP服务的通信，需要修改SELinux策略，允许FTP服务访问其他服务，具体操作方法如下：

开启SELinux临时模式
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_db 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_mpm 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_userlib 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_modules 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_module_filter 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_scripts 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_sysctls 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_sysctls_filter 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_userspace 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_userspace_filter 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_writeable_caches 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_writeable_caches_filter 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_writeable_caches_memlock 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_writeable_caches_memlock_filter 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_writeable_caches_overflow 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_writeable_caches_overflow_filter 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_writeable_caches_purgefile 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_writeable_caches_purgefile_filter 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_writeable_caches_reclaimfile 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_writeable_caches_reclaimfile_filter 1
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connector 1
setsebool -P httpd_canonicalizehostnames 1

FTP服务器配置与优化

1、配置虚拟用户及权限管理

在FileZilla Server中，可以通过创建虚拟用户来实现多用户登录，需要在MySQL数据库中创建一个用户表，然后在FileZilla Server中配置虚拟用户，具体操作方法如下：

-在MySQL数据库中创建用户表
CREATE TABLE ftpusers (
  username varchar(50) NOT NULL default '',
  password varchar(255) NOT NULL default '',
  homedir varchar(255) NOT NULL default '',
  PRIMARY KEY (username) USING HASHED KEY)ENGINE=InnoDB;

接下来，在FileZilla Server中配置虚拟用户，打开FileZilla Server的配置文件(默认路径为：C:\Program Files\FileZilla Server\filezilla.ini),在文件末尾添加以下内容：

[virtualusers]  virtual users section starts here.......................^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
define the maximum number of users that can be logged in at once. The default is one user only. This is a security feature to prevent denial of service attacks against your server! If you want to allow more than one user to login at once then increase this value. The minimum allowed value is one!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$MaxUsers = "99";  set the maximum number of users that can be logged in at once to "99"$End  end of virtualusers section.............................^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
[virtualusers.ftpusers]  virtual user section for the "ftpusers" user table starts here.................................$.Username = "ftpuser";  define the username for this user as "ftpuser"$.Password = "password";  define the password for this user as "password"$.HomeDir = "C:\\inetpub\\wwwroot";  define the home directory for this user as "C:\\inetpub\\wwwroot"$;End  end of virtualuser section for the "ftpusers" user table............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................$.End  end of virtualusers section$End  end of filezillaserver configuration file$End  end of filezillaserver configuration file$End  end of filezillaserver configuration file$End  end of filezillaserver configuration file$End  end of filezillaserver configuration file$End  end的虚拟用户及权限管理部分结束，接下来，重启FileZilla Server使配置生效。