linux部署oracle数据库11g

在Linux环境下部署Oracle数据库，需要遵循以下步骤：

1、系统环境准备

在部署Oracle数据库之前，需要确保操作系统满足Oracle数据库的最低要求，对于Linux系统，建议使用RHEL、CentOS或者Ubuntu等主流发行版，还需要确保系统已经安装了以下软件包：

gcc

gcc-c++

make

binutils

kernel-headers

libaio

compat-libcap1

sysstat

unixODBC

unixODBC-devel

numactl

numactl-devel

openssl

openssl-devel

python27

python27-devel

ksh

ksh93

ksh93u

ksh93u-devel

perl

perl-DBI

perl-DBD-Oracle

perl-Test-Harness

perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker

perl-Archive-Tar

perl-Compress-Zlib

perl-IO-Compress

perl-Pod-Escapes

perl-Test-Harness

perl-Time-HiRes

perl-DBI

perl-DBD-Oracle

perl-Test-Harness

perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker

perl-Archive-Tar

perl-Compress-Zlib

perl-IO-Compress

perl-Pod-Escapes

perl-Test-Harness

perl-Time-HiRes

2、创建Oracle用户和组

为了安装和管理Oracle数据库，需要创建一个专门的用户和组，可以使用以下命令创建用户和组：

```

groupadd oinstall

groupadd dba

useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

passwd oracle

```

3、配置内核参数

为了提高Oracle数据库的性能，可以调整Linux内核的一些参数，编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件，添加以下内容：

```

fs.file_max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65535

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 5000

net.core.somaxconn = 4096

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0

net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 1200

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65535

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8192

net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000

net.ipv4.tcp_fastopen = 3

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 67108864

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 67108864

net.ipv4.tcp_mtu_probing = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = hybla

net.ipv4.tcp_rfc1337 = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_slow_start_after_idle = 0

net.ipv4.tcp_no_metrics_save = 1

```

4、创建Oracle安装目录和设置环境变量

创建Oracle安装目录并设置环境变量：

```

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/logs /u01/app/oracle/oradata /u01/app/oracle/admin /u01/app/oracle/config /u01/app/oracle/scripts /u01/app/oracle/diagnostics /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/lib /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/jlib /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/rdbms /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/flash_recovery_area /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/admin /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dpdump /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1ASMSFiles /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1ASMDiskGroup /u01/app/oracleAPEXConfigToolsInst /u01/app/oracleOraInstallHomeSeeAlsoFiles /u01/app/oracleOraInstallHomeCustomScripts /u01/app/oracleOraInstallHomeSampleSchemas /u01/app/oracleOraInstallHomeDatabaseCreationScripts /u01$ORACLE_BASE /u01$ORACLE_HOME /u01$ORACLE_SID /tmp /var/tmp /usr/tmp /var/opt /var/run /var/lock /var/adm /var/log /var