在搭建LNMP环境下的完美邮箱服务器时,我们需要考虑以下几个方面:选择合适的邮件系统、配置Web服务器、配置MySQL数据库、配置PHP环境以及安装和配置邮件系统,下面详细介绍每个步骤。
1、选择合适的邮件系统
在LNMP环境下,我们可以选择多种邮件系统,如Postfix、Dovecot、Exim等,这里我们以Postfix为例进行介绍。
2、配置Web服务器
我们需要安装并配置Web服务器,在LNMP环境中,我们可以选择Apache或Nginx作为Web服务器,这里我们以Nginx为例进行介绍。
安装Nginx:
yum install -y epel-release yum install -y nginx
配置Nginx:
cp /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf.bak vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
修改配置文件,添加以下内容:
server { listen 80; server_name mail.example.com; return 301 https://$host$request_uri; } server { listen 443 ssl; server_name mail.example.com; ssl_certificate /path/to/your/certificate.crt; ssl_certificate_key /path/to/your/private.key; ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA'; root /var/www/html; index index.html index.htm index.php; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } location ~ \.php$ { include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock; } location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } }
重启Nginx:
systemctl restart nginx
3、配置MySQL数据库
我们需要安装并配置MySQL数据库,在LNMP环境中,我们可以使用MariaDB作为MySQL的替代品,这里我们以MariaDB为例进行介绍。
安装MariaDB:
yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-devel mariadb-libs
启动MariaDB服务:
systemctl start mariadb
设置开机启动:
systemctl enable mariadb
为MariaDB设置密码:
mysqladmin -u root password 'your_password'
创建邮件系统所需的数据库和用户:
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS maildb; CREATE USER 'mailuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mailuser_password'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON maildb.* TO 'mailuser'@'localhost'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
退出MySQL:
exit;
修改MariaDB配置文件,允许远程访问:
vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb.cnf
找到bind
和bind_address
两行,将它们注释掉或者修改为bind=0
和bind_address=0.0.0.0
,然后重启MariaDB服务:
systemctl restart mariadb
现在,我们已经完成了LNMP环境下的Web服务器、数据库和PHP环境的搭建,接下来,我们将安装并配置邮件系统,以Postfix为例,我们需要下载Postfix源码包并进行编译安装:
wget http://www.postfix.org/releases/official/postfix-3.4.7.tar.gz && tar zxvf postfix-3.4.7.tar.gz && cd postfix-3.4.7 && make && make install && cd .. && mv /usr/local/sbin/sendmail /usr/local/sbin/sendmail.bak && ln -s /usr/local/sbin/postfix /usr/local/sbin/sendmail && chown -R root:root /etc/postfix && chmod -R g+w /etc/postfix && chmod g+s /etc/postfix && chown -h mailuser@localhost /etc/postfix /var/mailbox /var/spool /var/log /usr/local/etc/postfix && echo "alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "myhostname = mail.example.com" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "mydomain = example.com" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "myorigin = $mydomain" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "home_mailbox = Maildir(/var/mailbox)" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "local_transport = error: local delivery disabled" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mailbox" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "virtual_mailbox_domains = $mydomain" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "virtual_minimum_uid = 1000" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "virtual_uid_maps = static:5000" >> /etc/postfix/main.cf && echo "proxy_read_maps = $local_relay" >> /etc/postfix
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