linux使用QQ实现网络邮件报警功能

在Linux系统中，我们可以使用QQ实现网络邮件报警功能，这种功能可以帮助我们在系统出现异常或者达到某个阈值时，通过QQ发送邮件通知我们，这样，我们就可以在第一时间了解到系统的运行情况，及时处理问题，下面，我们将详细介绍如何在Linux中使用QQ实现网络邮件报警功能。

1、安装QQ邮箱的SMTP服务

我们需要在QQ邮箱中开启SMTP服务，登录QQ邮箱，点击右上角的设置按钮，选择“账户”，然后在左侧菜单中选择“POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务”，勾选“开启服务”，接下来，我们需要设置SMTP服务的相关信息，包括SMTP服务器地址、端口号、用户名和密码等，设置完成后，点击“保存”按钮。

2、安装sendmail

在Linux系统中，我们可以使用sendmail命令来发送邮件，我们需要先安装sendmail，在终端中输入以下命令：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sendmail

3、配置sendmail

安装完成后，我们需要配置sendmail，创建一个名为qq_email.mc的文件，用于存放sendmail的配置信息：

touch /etc/mail/qq_email.mc

使用文本编辑器打开qq_email.mc文件，将以下内容复制到文件中：

divert(-1)dnl
include(/etc/mail/local-host-names)dnl
append(/etc/mail/local-host-names, localhost)dnl
append(/etc/mail/local-host-names, your_domain.com)dnl
relay_domains(your_domain.com)dnl
smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yesdnl
smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwddnl
smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymousdnl
smtp_tls_security_level = maydnl
smtp_use_tls = yesdnl
smtp_sasl_authenticated25 = yesdnl
smtpd_banner = $j Envelope-To: $b, Sender: $a, Subject: $sdnl
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yesdnl
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $jdnl
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauthenticateddnl
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymousdnl
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecotdnl
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/dovecot.pemdnl
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/dovecot.pemdnl
smtpd_use_tls = yesdnl
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-alias-maps.cfdnl
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmaildnl
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-mailbox-domains.cfdnl
virtual_mailbox_limit = 51200000dnl
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-mailbox-maps.cfdnl
virtual_minimum_uid = 1000dnl
virtual_transport = dovecotdnl

注意：请将your_domain.com替换为你的域名，你需要根据实际情况修改其他配置信息，如果你的MySQL数据库位于其他主机上，你需要修改virtual_alias_maps、virtual_mailbox_domains、virtual_mailbox_maps等配置项中的数据库连接信息。

接下来，使用m4工具生成新的sendmail配置文件：

sudo m4 /etc/mail/qq_email.mc > /etc/mail/sendmail.cf

4、配置dovecot

安装dovecot：

sudo apt-get install dovecot-imapd dovecot-pop3d dovecot-lmtpd dovecot-sasld -y

创建一个新的用户和组，用于运行dovecot服务：

sudo groupadd -g 999 vmail && sudo useradd -u 999 -g vmail vmail -m -d /home/vmail -s /bin/false -c "Virtual Mailbox" -M -w /home/vmail -h /var/mail -H mail:vmail:vmailuser@your_domain.com vmailuser@your_domain.com && sudo passwd vmailuser@your_domain.com --stdin <<<EOFYourPasswordHereEOF && sudo chown -R vmail:vmail /home/vmail && sudo chmod -R 770 /home/vmail && sudo chmod -R 770 /var/mail && sudo chown -R root:root /var/log/dovecot && sudo chown -R root:root /var/run/dovecot && sudo chown -R root:root /var/lib/dovecot && sudo chown -R root:root /var/db/dovecot && sudo chown -R root:root /usr/lib/dovecot && sudo chown -R root:root /usr/share/dovecot && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot-sql && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot-lda && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot-dict && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot-imap && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot-pop3 && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot-lmtp && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot-managesieved && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot-sql && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot-conf.d && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/dovecot-openssl && sudo chown -R root:root /etc/ssl && sudo chown -R root:root /usr/lib64 && sudo chown -R root:root /usr/lib64/* && sudo chown -R root:root /usr/lib64/*/* && sudo chown -R root:root /usr/lib64/*/*/* && sudo chown -R root:root /usr//lib64/*/*/*/* && sudo chown -R root:root /usr//lib64/*/*/*/*/* && echo "[dovecot]" >> /etc/services && echo "protocol=imap" >> /etc/services && echo "protocol=pop3" >> /etc/services && echo "protocol=lmtp" >> /services && echo "disable=plaintext" >> /etc/dovecot.conf && echo "!include conf.d/*.conf" >> /etc/dovecot.conf && echo "!include sql.conf.ext" >> /etc/dovecot.conf && echo "!include dict-sql.conf.ext" >> /etc/dovecot.conf && echo "!include imap-sql.conf.ext" >> /etc/dovecot.conf && echo "!include pop3-sql.conf.ext" >> /etc/dovecot.conf && echo "!include lda.conf.ext" >> /etc/dovecot.conf && echo "!include sieve-sql.conf.ext" >> /etc/dovecot.conf && echo "!include manpage-indexer.conf.ext" >> /etc/dovecot.conf && echo "service imap { inet n; port = 143; protocol = imap; } service pop3 { inet n; port = 110; protocol = pop3; } service managesieved { inet n; disable = yes; } service imap-login { inet n; address = mail.yourdomain.com; port = auto; } service pop3-login { inet n; address = mail.yourdomain.com; port = auto; } service imap { inet n; address = mail.yourdomain.com; port = auto; } service pop3 { inet n; address = mail