CentOS命令行下装oracle 12c的方法(命令行模式安装）

CentOS命令行下装oracle 12c的方法(命令行模式安装）

Oracle 12c是一款非常强大的数据库管理系统，广泛应用于各种企业级应用中，在CentOS系统中，我们可以通过命令行模式来安装Oracle 12c，本文将详细介绍如何在CentOS命令行下安装Oracle 12c。

准备工作

1、确保系统已经安装了Oracle 12c所需的依赖包，如unzip、tar、wget等，如果没有安装，可以使用以下命令进行安装：

sudo yum install -y unzip tar wget

2、下载Oracle 12c的安装包，访问Oracle官方网站（https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/oracle-database-software-downloads.html），找到Oracle 12c的下载链接，使用wget命令下载到本地。

wget https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/x86_64/oracle-database-12c-r2-release-el7-3.2.0-1.tar.gz

解压安装包

1、将下载好的Oracle 12c安装包解压到一个目录，例如/opt：

sudo tar -zxvf oracle-database-12c-r2-release-el7-3.2.0-1.tar.gz -C /opt

创建Oracle用户和组

1、为了确保Oracle 12c的正常运行，我们需要创建一个专门的用户和组来运行Oracle服务，首先创建一个新的用户和组：

sudo groupadd oinstall
sudo groupadd dba
sudo useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

2、为新创建的用户设置密码：

passwd oracle

配置环境变量

1、切换到oracle用户：

su oracle

2、配置Oracle的环境变量，编辑~/.bash_profile文件，添加以下内容：

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/bin
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME:$PATH

3、使配置的环境变量生效：

source ~/.bash_profile

创建Oracle实例和数据库

1、使用dbca工具创建Oracle实例：

dbca -silent -responseFile /tmp/dbca.rsp -createDatabase -characterSet AL32UTF8 -gdbname orcl -syspassword Oradoc_db1 -systemPassword Oradoc_db1 -owner oracle -instanceName orcl -sampleSchema false -sampleData false

注意：请根据实际情况修改响应文件的内容，例如数据库名、用户名、密码等，响应文件可以自定义，但需要包含以下内容：

[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "12.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "orcl"
SID = "orcl"
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
SYSPASSWORD = "Oradoc_db1"  System password for the database owner (optional) SYS as ID "dba" with password "Oradoc_db1" and without profile "DEFAULT" (optional) OPER sysdba identified by "Oradoc_db1" with password "Oradoc_db1" (optional) [DEFAULT] IGNORE_SECURITY = true  Only needed if you want to ignore the security settings in the template DB_DOMAIN = ""  Only needed if you want to change the default domain SUPPORTED_PLATFORMS = "Linux x86-64, Linux x86, Windows x64, Windows x86"  Only needed if you want to change the supported platforms [CONFIGUREDATABASE] INSTANCE_NAME = "orcl"  The name of the instance to be created SCOPE = "SPFILE"  The location of the configuration files to be created CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"  The character set to be used for creating the database AUDIT_TARGET = "NONE"  The auditing option for the database DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl"  The unique name of the database GSMALLFILECLOBSIZE = "50m"  The small file CLOB size GROWTHFACTOR = "10%"  The growth factor for the small file tablespaces DEVICE_TYPE = "DISK"  The storage type for the database files EXTENT_MANAGEMENT = "AUTO"  The extent management option for the database NEXT_LOGGING_KEY = "<br>								 The next value for the redo log sequence number SEQUENCE_MAXVALUE = "99999999999999999999"  The maximum value for the sequence numbers COMPATIBILITY = "12.0"  The compatibility level of the database NUMBER_OF_PROCESSES = "0"  The number of processes to be created PROCESSES = "0"  The process options for the database ARCHIVELOG_MODE = "NONE"  The archivelog mode for the database FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_ONLY = "false"  The flashback archive destination state only option FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_DEST = ""  The flashback archive destination UNDO_TABLESPACE = ""  The undo tablespace for the database UNDO_RETENTION = ""  The retention period for the undo data MEMORY_TARGET = ""  The memory target for the database MEMORY_MAXIMUM = ""  The maximum memory limit for the database MEMORY_PERCENTAGE = ""  The memory percentage limit for the database CPU_COUNT = ""  The number of CPUs to be used by the database SGA_TARGET = ""  The SGA target for the database SGA_MAXIMUM = ""  The maximum SGA limit for the database DEADLOCK_DETECTION = "false"  Whether to enable deadlock detection or not PLUGGABLE_DATABASE = "false"  Whether to enable pluggable database or not [DATABASE] DBFILESREADONLY = "/dev/null"  The readonly option for the database DBFILESREADWRITE = "/dev/null"  The readwrite option for the database ONLINELOGFILESREADONLY = "/dev/null"  The readonly option for the online redo log files ONLINELOGFILESREADWRITE = "/dev/null"  The readwrite option for the online redo log files [SECURITY] OS_AUTHENT_PREFIX = ""  The authentication prefix for the operating system OS_PRIVS_PREFIX = ""  The privileges prefix for the operating system OS_PROFILES="DEFAULT,ORCL"  The profiles to be used by the operating system OS_SHRINKOPT="FALSE"  Whether to shrink the operating system files or not [STORAGE] INITIALEXTERNALSTORAGE="FALSE"  Whether to initialize external storage or not EXTENTSIZE="512M"  The extent size EXTENTMANAGEMENT="AUTO"  The extent management option for the external storage AUXILIARYMEMORYSIZE="50M"  The size of the auxiliary memory LOCALREDOLOGDEST="LOCALREDOLOGDIRECTORY=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redolog;DBUNIQUENAME=orcl;LOGFILEGROUP=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redolog;FASTSTARTMTTR=0;MAXLOGHISTORY=30;MAXLOGFILES=5;MAXLOGMEMBERS=5;MAXLOGARCHIVELOGLIFE=30;MAXLOGARCHIVEDESTINATION=LOCAL;MAXLOGARCHIVEDESTSTATEMENTS=50;MAXLOGARCHIVEDESTSIZE=50G;ENABLED=TRUE;ENABLEARCHIVING=TRUE;TIMER=OFF;APPENDER="ASYNC";NEXTLOGGINGKEY="&lt;value&gt;";SEQUENCEMAXVALUE="&lt;value&gt;";COMPATIBILITY="12.0";DBFSRECLAIMPOLICY="AUTO";DBFSUSEDEVICETYPE="AUTO";DBFSFILESYSTEMID="AUTO";DBFSRECLAIMPOLICY="AUTO";DBFSUSEDEV