Ubuntu上怎么使用KVM搭建虚拟化环境

安装KVM和相关工具，创建虚拟机、分配资源、安装操作系统，通过命令行或图形界面管理虚拟化环境。

在Ubuntu上使用KVM搭建虚拟化环境可以按照以下步骤进行：

1、安装KVM和相关工具：

打开终端，以管理员身份运行以下命令来更新软件包列表：

```

sudo apt update

```

安装KVM和相关工具：

```

sudo apt install qemukvm libvirtdaemonsystem libvirtclients bridgeutils virtmanager

```

2、配置KVM：

启动并启用libvirtd服务：

```

sudo systemctl start libvirtd

sudo systemctl enable libvirtd

```

添加当前用户到libvirt和kvm组：

```

sudo adduser $USER libvirt

sudo adduser $USER kvm

```

重启系统使更改生效。

3、创建虚拟网络：

使用以下命令创建一个新的虚拟网络桥接器：

```

sudo brctl addbr br0

sudo ifconfig br0 up

```

将物理网络接口（例如eth0）添加到虚拟网络桥接器中：

```

sudo brctl addif br0 eth0

```

编辑/etc/network/interfaces文件，将默认网关设置为虚拟网络桥接器的IP地址（例如192.168.1.1）：

```

auto br0

iface br0 inet static

address 192.168.1.1

netmask 255.255.255.0

gateway 192.168.1.1

dnsnameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4

iface eth0 inet manual

bondmaster bond0

bondmode balancerr

bondmiimon 100

bondslaves none

up ifconfig $IFACE down && ifconfig $IFACE promiscuous mode miimon 100 && ifconfig $IFACE up && ifconfig $IFACE $IPADDR/$NETMASK broadcast $BROADCAST_IPADDR netmask $NETMASK up && ifconfig $IFACE:1 $IPADDR:$PORT_START_NUMBER/$SUBNET_MASK up && ifconfig $IFACE:2 $IPADDR:$PORT_START_NUMBER+1/$SUBNET_MASK up && ifconfig $IFACE:3 $IPADDR:$PORT_START_NUMBER+2/$SUBNET_MASK up && ifconfig $IFACE:4 $IPADDR:$PORT_START_NUMBER+3/$SUBNET_MASK up && ifdown $IFACE && ifup $IFACE && service networking restart && sleep 5 && nmcli connection up id "$CONNECTION_NAME" && echo "bond0" > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/controlslaves && echo "bond0" > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/activeslave && echo "1" > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/mode && echo "eth0 eth1 eth2 eth3" > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/slaves && echo "auto lo" > /etc/network/interfaces.d/lo.cfg && echo "auto bond0" > /etc/network/interfaces.d/bond0.cfg && echo "iface bond0 inet static" >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/bond0.cfg && echo "address $IPADDR" >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/bond0.cfg && echo "netmask $NETMASK" >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/bond0.cfg && echo "gateway $GATEWAY" >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/bond0.cfg && echo "dnsnameservers $DNS_SERVERS" >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/bond0.cfg && echo "dnssearch $DOMAIN" >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/bond0.cfg && echo "up echo \"Applying changes to interfaces\"; sleep 5; reboot now\" | sudo tee a /etc/rc.local > /dev/null" >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/bond0.cfg && echo "auto bond0.10 bond0.20 bond0.30 bond0.40" > /etc/udev/rules.d/70persistentnet.rules && echo "ACTION=="add|="change", KERNEL=="eth*", SUBSYSTEM=="net", ATTR{address}=="xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", ID_FS_USAGE_BY_FILESYSTEM=="filesystem|tmpfs|devtmpfs", PROGRAM="/usr/libexec/nmbd", RESULT=="service network restart", OWNER=="root" >> /etc/udev/rules.d/70persistentnet.rules && chmod +x /etc/rc.local && chown root:root /etc/rc.local && chmod +x /etc/udev/rules.d/* && chown root:root /etc/udev/rules.d/*" >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/bond0.cfg && echo "NM_CONTROLLED="no\"" >> /etc/sysconfig/networkscripts/ifcfgeth* && echo "BOOTPROTO=static" >> /etc/sysconfig/networkscripts/ifcfgeth* && echo "ONBOOT=yes" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >> /etc^C" >>