Linux Oracle 11g 11.2.0.4 RAC集群 PSU DB OJVM OPatch GI 打补丁及回退的详细过程

在本文中，我们将详细介绍如何在Linux环境下，使用Oracle 11g 11.2.0.4版本，搭建一个RAC集群，并安装PSU DB、OJVM和OPatch GI，以及如何进行补丁的打补丁及回退操作，以下是详细的步骤：

环境准备

1、1 操作系统准备

我们需要在两台Linux服务器上安装Oracle 11g RAC所需的操作系统，建议使用RHEL或SLES等支持Oracle的Linux发行版。

1、2 软件包准备

在两台服务器上分别下载安装Oracle 11g RAC所需的软件包，包括Oracle Database 11g Release 2（11.2.0.4）和Grid Infrastructure（GI）。

创建RAC集群

2、1 配置监听器

在两台服务器上分别创建监听器配置文件listener.ora，内容如下：

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = server1_ip)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = server2_ip)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

2、2 配置tnsnames.ora

在两台服务器上分别创建tnsnames.ora文件，内容如下：

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = server1_ip)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

2、3 配置grid_home环境变量

在两台服务器的~/.bash_profile文件中添加以下内容：

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

2、4 创建RAC数据库实例

在两台服务器上分别执行以下命令：

dbca createDatabase silent gdbName orcl responseFile /u01/app/oraInventory/orainst.loc characterSet AL32UTF8 sysPassword sys_password systemPassword sys_password nodeCount 2 datafileDestination /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLPDB1 oracleHome /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 templateName General_Purpose.dbc dbunitSize 32768 storageType ASM asmDiskGroupName ORCLASM asmPassword asm_password netType Clusterware clusterType RAC automaticStorageConfiguration false memoryPercentage 90 processors 2 diskCheck true initOraParamsFile /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/scripts/initOraParamsORCL.sql restartAction ProceedWithRestart sampleSchema false enableAdminAccount true verbose false useDefaultScripts false copyData false ignorePreReq false fromDriver pfile /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora driverType ODBC driverName {ODBC Driver 11 for SQL Server} pfileLocation /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora serviceName orclXDB XDBUsername orclxdb XDBPassword orclxdb_password createPluggableDatabase true plugableDatabase admin pdbName orclpdb pdbPassword orclpdb_password

安装PSU DB、OJVM和OPatch GI

3、1 PSU DB安装

在两台服务器上分别执行以下命令：

cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin
./runInstaller silent force waitforcompletion ignorePrereqFailure true responseFile /tmp/psu_installation.rsp installtype PSUDB prefix /u01/app/oracle/product/psu_db functionalMode silent acceptLicense agreementocrforpsudbbyindividualandcorporatecustomers:false,oraclestandardaccess:true,eula:true,acceptAllRevisions:true,oraclethirdpartynotifications:false,updateNow:false,skipAgentInstallation:false,skipConfigToolsInstallation:false,skipDownloadingComponents:false,skipInstallationPrerequisites:false,skipMarketingFeatures:false,skipPostInstallationTasks:false,skipPreinstallationChecks:false,skipWelcomePage:false,skipRegistration:false,skipGDRUpdate:false,oracleLicenseAcceptance:false,dbaPrivilegesRequiredForOSDUserCreation:false,assumeYesForAllQuestions:false,useDedicatedUserForInstallation:false,operatingSystemGroupName:null,operatingSystemUserName:null,operatingSystemUserDomainName:null,operatingSystemUserPassword:null,operatingSystemUserOrganizationName:null,operatingSystemUserOrganizationalUnitName:null,operatingSystemProductName:null,operatingSystemVersionNumber:null,operatingSystemArchitecture:null,operatingSystemInstallationDirectory:null,operatingSystemHomeDirectory:null,operatingSystemShell:null,operatingSystemRootDirectory:null,operatingSystemTempDirectory:null,operatingSystemProgramFilesDirectory:null,operatingSystemCommonProgramFilesDirectory:null,operatingSystemProgramFilesCommonDirectory:null,operatingSystemWindowsDirectory:null,operatingSystemSystemDriveLetter:null,operatingSystemSystemRootDriveLetter:null,operatingSystemTempDriveLetter:null,operatingSystemPerflogDriveLetter:null,operatingSystemProgramFilesDriveLetter:null,operatingSystemProgramFilesCommonDriveLetter:null,operatingSystemCommonProgramFilesDriveLetter:null,operatingSystemWindowsDriveLetter:null,operatingSystemRegistryBaseKeyPathPrefixesToDeleteOnUninstallation:null,operatingSystemRegistryBaseKeyPathPrefixesToDeleteOnUpgrade:null,operatingSystemRegistryBaseKeyPathPrefixesToKeepOnUninstallation:null,operatingSystemRegistryBaseKeyPathPrefixesToKeepOnUpgrade:null,operatingSystemShortcutTargetEnvironmentVariableName:null,operatingSystemShortcutTargetEnvironmentVariableValue:null,operatingSystemShortcutTargetEnvironmentVariableEncryptionKeyLength:null,operatingSystemShortcutTargetEnvironmentVariableEncryptionAlgorithmName:null,operatingSystemShortcutTargetEnvironmentVariableEncryptionAlgorithmProviderName:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemHomeDirectory:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemProgramFilesDirectory:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemCommonProgramFilesDirectory:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemWindowsDirectory:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemRegistryBaseKeyPathPrefixesToDeleteOnUninstallation:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemRegistryBaseKeyPathPrefixesToDeleteOnUpgrade:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemRegistryBaseKeyPathPrefixesToKeepOnUninstallation:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemRegistryBaseKeyPathPrefixesToKeepOnUpgrade:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemShortcutTargetEnvironmentVariableName:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemShortcutTargetEnvironmentVariableValue:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemShortcutTargetEnvironmentVariableEncryptionKeyLength:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemShortcutTargetEnvironmentVariableEncryptionAlgorithmName:null,oracleHomeIsSameAsOperatingSystemShortcutTargetEnvironmentVariableEncryptionAlgorithmProviderName:null,databaseUniqueIdentifierPrefixesToRemoveOnUninstallationAndUpgrade:null,databaseUniqueIdentifierPrefixesToKeepOnUninstallationAndUpgrade:null,databaseProductVersionMajorNumberToUseForComparisonDuringUninstallationAndUpgradeProcesses:null,databaseProductVersionMinorNumberToUseForComparisonDuringUninstallationAndUpgradeProcesses:null,databaseProductVersionPatchNumberToUseForComparisonDuringUninstallationAndUpgradeProcesses:null,databaseProductVersionBuildNumberToUseForComparisonDuringUninstallationAndUpgradeProcesses:null,databaseProductVersionReleaseNumberToUseForComparisonDuringUninstallationAndUpgradeProcesses:null,databaseProductVersionEditionNumberToUseForComparisonDuringUninstallationAndUpgradeProcesses:null,databaseProductVersionServicePackLevelNumberToUseForComparisonDuringUninstallationAndUpgradeProcesses: